Exemple 1. 40 A-B 10 C-A 10 C-B 40 B-A Respective For And Against Totqls: x,x' for x= a,b, c 40, 50. 40, 50. 20, 0 So ab' =40*50 = 2000 = ba' ac' = bc' = 0 ca' = cb' = 20*50 = 1000 Strength of finish orders: A>B>C and B>A>C have strength ab' + ac' + bc' = 2000 C>B>A and C>A>B both have strength cb' + ca' +ba' = 4000 A>C>B and B>C>A both have strength ac' + ab' + cb' = 3000 So the two finish orders that place C in first place are tied for strongest. Now suppose the A faction decides to bury C unilaterally ... by voting 40 A-C instead of A-B Then b' is reduced to 10, and c' is increased to 40. The respective finish order strengths become ... A>B>C: 40*(10 +40) + 40*40 = 3600 B>A>C: also 3600 A>C>B: 2400 B>C>A: 5600 C>A>B: 1600 C>B>A: 3200 The strongest finish order is B>C>>A .... the bus B is the single winner candidate. This version of VFA seems to be burial resistant. Check my work .... in my old age I am susceptible to both typos and thinkos. -fws