Hallo, > All deterministic Condorcet methods fail > the participation criterion. Therefore, a > non-deterministic method is the way to go, > and the question becomes: "How shall we > assign probabilities amongst the Smith set?" The Condorcet criterion and the participation criterion are incompatible. This has nothing to do with whether the used election method is deterministic or non-deterministic. Markus Schulze

Hi Markus, It is my understanding that non-deterministic Condorcet methods can pass the participation criterion, and maximal lotteries is one method which does: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal_lotteries On Tue, Jun 24, 2025 at 1:06 AM Markus Schulze via Election-Methods < election-methods@lists.electorama.com> wrote: > Hallo, > > > All deterministic Condorcet methods fail > > the participation criterion. Therefore, a > > non-deterministic method is the way to go, > > and the question becomes: "How shall we > > assign probabilities amongst the Smith set?" > > The Condorcet criterion and the participation > criterion are incompatible. This has nothing > to do with whether the used election method > is deterministic or non-deterministic. > > Markus Schulze > > ---- > Election-Methods mailing list - see https://electorama.com/em for list > info >